ANNOUNCER:Section 4.You are going to hear part of a short university lecture.First, look at questions 32 to 42.Now listen and complete the lecture notes in the spaces numbered 32 to 42.
Lecturer:Uh. Good morning and welcome to the University's open day, and to our mini lecture from the Sports Studies department.Now, the purpose of this lecture is two fold.One, we want you to experience a university lecture to give you a taste of what listening to a university lecture is like.And two, we want you to find out something about the sports Studies program at this university.So feel free to ask any questions during the talk, and I'll do my best to answer them.All right, so what does a course in sports studies involve?Well, you wouldn't be blamed for not knowing the answer to this question, because sports studies as a discipline is still comparatively new.But it's a growing area, and one which is now firmly established at our university.Now, there are three distinct strands to sport studies, and you'd need to choose fairly early on just which direction you wanted to follow, and I'll just run over these now.Firstly, we've got the sports psychology strand, secondly we've got the sports management strand, and last but not least, there's the sports physiology strand.So just to recap, there's sports psychology, sports management, and sports physiology.Uh. Let's look first at psychology.Now the people who study Sports Psych want to work with top athletes, and they're looking at what will take those athletes that 1% extra.What makes them win, when all other things are equal, physically all other things are equal, they want to know what are the mental factors involved.The sports psychologist works closely with the athlete through his or her training program, and becomes an integral part of the team.In fact you could say that they play just as important a role as the coach.So if you're interested in what makes people win, this could be the area for you.Now secondly, we've got the strand which I refer to as sports management, and this goes hand in hand with the area of sports marketing, so you might like to think of this area as having two branches.Management and marketing.On the management side, we look at issues relating to the running of sports clubs, management of athletes that sort of thing.But then on the other side, we've got sports marketing.And this is the side that interests me more, because here we will look at the market forces behind sport, questions like why do people spend their money on a football match or a tennis game rather than say on buying a CD or going to the cinema.What are those market forces?Sport used to just compete with sport.Nowadays, it competes with other leisure activities.The spectators go to sport to be entertained rather than out of loyalty to a team.They want to have an evening out, and they don't want the cheap seats anymore.They want good seats, they want entertainment.And the professional sportsmen and women respond to this without question.They are there to give a performance, they provide the entertainment.So in the marketing course, we address all these commercial issues, and we look at how this hooks back into the management of sport.Now the third branch of Sport Studies sometimes comes under another name, and is also known as exercise science.And again here, we find that there are two distinct types of exercise science.The first is working very much at the macro level, what I call the huffing and puffing people.So this looks at fitness testing, body measurements, all that sort of thing.But the more interesting side of sports physiology, at least in my view, is the side that looks at the micro level, looking at cellular change.They're doing cellular research, looking at changes in body cells when the body is under stress.So that just about brings us to the end of our mini lecture for today.I hope you found it interesting, I look forward to seeing you all on our course next year.But feel free to come and talk to me if you want any more information.Um. I'll be over at that notice board near the main entrance.Thank you very much.
ANNOUNCER:That is the end of section 4.You now have half a minute to check your answers.
